SK Telecom Headquarters in Seoul, South Korea. PHOTO: ADOBE STOCK
How Korea is trying to take control of its AI future.
Updated
December 30, 2025 1:38 PM
SK Telecom Headquarters in Seoul, South Korea. PHOTO: ADOBE STOCK
SK Telecom, South Korea’s largest mobile operator, has unveiled A.X K1, a hyperscale artificial intelligence model with 519 billion parameters. The model sits at the center of a government-backed effort to build advanced AI systems and domestic AI infrastructure within Korea. This comes at a time when companies in the United States and China largely dominate the development of the most powerful large language models.
Rather than framing A.X K1 as just another large language model, SK Telecom is positioning it as part of a broader push to build sovereign AI capacity from the ground up. The model is being developed as part of the Korean government’s Sovereign AI Foundation Model project, which aims to ensure that core AI systems are built, trained and operated within the country. In simple terms, the initiative focuses on reducing reliance on foreign AI platforms and cloud-based AI infrastructure, while giving Korea more control over how artificial intelligence is developed and deployed at scale.
One of the gaps this approach is trying to address is how AI knowledge flows across a national ecosystem. Today, the most powerful AI foundation models are often closed, expensive and concentrated within a small number of global technology companies. A.X K1 is designed to function as a “teacher model,” meaning it can transfer its capabilities to smaller, more specialized AI systems. This allows developers, enterprises and public institutions to build tailored AI tools without starting from scratch or depending entirely on overseas AI providers.
That distinction matters because most real-world applications of artificial intelligence do not require massive models operating independently. They require focused, reliable AI systems designed for specific use cases such as customer service, enterprise search, manufacturing automation or mobility. By anchoring those systems to a large, domestically developed foundation model, SK Telecom and its partners are aiming to create a more resilient and self-sustaining AI ecosystem.
The effort also reflects a shift in how AI is being positioned for everyday use. SK Telecom plans to connect A.X K1 to services that already reach millions of users, including its AI assistant platform A., which operates across phone calls, messaging, web services and mobile applications. The broader goal is to make advanced AI feel less like a distant research asset and more like an embedded digital infrastructure that supports daily interactions.
This approach extends beyond consumer-facing services. Members of the SKT consortium are testing how the hyperscale AI model can support industrial and enterprise applications, including manufacturing systems, game development, robotics and autonomous technologies. The underlying logic is that national competitiveness in artificial intelligence now depends not only on model performance, but on whether those models can be deployed, adapted and validated in real-world environments.
There is also a hardware dimension to the project. Operating an AI model at the 500-billion-parameter scale places heavy demands on computing infrastructure, particularly memory performance and communication between processors. A.X K1 is being used to test and validate Korea’s semiconductor and AI chip capabilities under real workloads, linking large-scale AI software development directly to domestic semiconductor innovation.
The initiative brings together technology companies, universities and research institutions, including Krafton, KAIST and Seoul National University. Each contributes specialized expertise ranging from data validation and multimodal AI research to system scalability. More than 20 institutions have already expressed interest in testing and deploying the model, reinforcing the idea that A.X K1 is being treated as shared national AI infrastructure rather than a closed commercial product.
Looking ahead, SK Telecom plans to release A.X K1 as open-source AI software, alongside APIs and portions of the training data. If fully implemented, the move could lower barriers for developers, startups and researchers across Korea’s AI ecosystem, enabling them to build on top of a large-scale foundation model without incurring the cost and complexity of developing one independently.
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As global financial landscapes shift, Noah outlines a new AI-first approach to helping families protect and grow their wealth.
Updated
December 11, 2025 11:33 PM
Noah’s Black Diamond Summit. PHOTO: ARK WEALTH
Noah Holdings, one of Asia’s leading wealth management firms serving global Chinese high-net-worth families, hosted its annual Black Diamond Summit in Macau from December 7–11. The city has become a significant gathering place for Noah’s community, where clients, partners, and experts converge each year to explore how global trends are transforming wealth and family life. This year’s theme, “AI Together, Co-Generating the Future”, set the tone for a conversation about how modern wealth management must adapt in an age defined by artificial intelligence.
More than 3,000 attendees joined discussions that connected technology, global mobility, and long-term family planning. The Summit built on earlier sessions held in Shanghai, creating a continuous dialogue around one central question: how can families prepare for a world that is becoming more digital, more complex and more interconnected?
A major moment came when Noah introduced “Noya”, its new AI Relationship Manager. Noya is now part of the upgraded iARK Hong Kong and Singapore apps. It is built to support licensed human advisors, not replace them. The goal is simple: combine human judgment with AI intelligence to help clients understand their wealth more clearly and manage it across borders. Noya offers real-time insights, deeper personalisation, cleaner access to global financial information, smoother coordination between regions, and end-to-end execution through Noah’s global booking centres.
The Summit’s tone shifted toward long-term thinking when Co-Founder and Chairwoman Norah Wang delivered her keynote, “From Chaos to Clarity: Building a Global Operating System for Wealth Management”. She reflected on twenty years of serving more than 400,000 clients and explained that families today face new pressures. As she put it, “The real pain point for Chinese families today is not investment performance, but navigating the growing complexities of a global lifestyle”. Her message was straightforward: wealth is no longer just about returns. It is about managing uncertainty in a world where technology, geopolitics, and mobility collide.
Wang described how two major shifts have shaped modern wealth—first the Internet Era, which changed how people built wealth, and now what she calls the AI Civilisation Era, which is changing how people must protect it. She outlined the forces that influence today’s decisions: geopolitical shifts, persistent inflation, the rising importance of security and supply-chain technologies, the spread of AI, and the need for stronger family governance across generations. Each of these factors adds complexity, and families need tools that help them see the bigger picture.
To respond to this reality, Noah presented its integrated global wealth infrastructure. It is built on three pillars:
Together, these pillars function as an AI-supported system designed to simplify global complexity and help families preserve long-term stability.
One of the most discussed conversations featured Noah’s CEO, Zander Yin, and Tony Shale, Co-Founder & Chairman of Asian Private Banker China. They spoke about how AI is transforming private banking in Asia. Their view was that wealth management is moving from a product-centred model to one led by insight, trust, and human-tech collaboration. AI may accelerate analysis, but human expertise will continue to guide judgment, relationships, and long-term strategy.
The closing message of the Summit centred on redefining what prosperity means in an AI-driven age. For Noah, wealth is no longer a destination. It is an ongoing journey through a world that is increasingly fast-moving and unpredictable. As Wang noted, “With AI reshaping the very foundations of civilisation, wealth and financial freedom represent not a static endpoint, but a continuous journey. Here, we find our purpose: to help global Chinese investors navigate an increasingly complex world and achieve true prosperity, supported by resilient wealth management infrastructure and deep human expertise”.
The Summit ended on that note—a reminder that the future of wealth is not only about financial assets, but about clarity, confidence and the ability to adapt as the world transforms.